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''Guys and Dolls'' is a musical with music and lyrics by Frank Loesser and book by Jo Swerling and Abe Burrows. It is based on "The Idyll of Miss Sarah Brown" and "Blood Pressure"two short stories by Damon Runyon,〔and also borrows characters and plot elements from other Runyon storiesmost notably "Pick the Winner".〔Stempel, 435〕 The premiere on Broadway was in 1950. It ran for 1200 performances and won the Tony Award for Best Musical. The musical has had several Broadway and London revivals, as well as a 1955 film adaptation starring Marlon Brando, Jean Simmons, Frank Sinatra and Vivian Blaine. ''Guys and Dolls'' was selected as the winner of the 1951 Pulitzer Prize for Drama. However, because of writer Abe Burrows' troubles with the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), the Trustees of Columbia University vetoed the selection, and no Pulitzer for Drama was awarded that year.〔Suskin, 275〕 ==Background== ''Guys and Dolls'' was conceived by producers Cy Feuer and Ernest Martin as an adaptation of Damon Runyon's short stories.〔Zolotow, Maurice. "Guys, Dolls and Runyon". ''The New York Times'', Nov. 12, 1950, Section 2, p. 1,3.〕 These stories, written in the 1920s and 1930s, concerned gangsters, gamblers, and other characters of the New York underworld. Runyon was known for the unique dialect he employed in his stories, mixing highly formal language and slang.〔Stempel, 434〕 Frank Loesser, who had spent most of his career as a lyricist for movie musicals, was hired as composer and lyricist. George S. Kaufman was hired as director. When the first version of the show's book, written by Jo Swerling, was deemed unusable, Feuer and Martin asked radio comedy writer Abe Burrows to write a new version of the book.〔〔Suskin, 272-276〕 Loesser had already written much of the score to correspond with the first version of the book.〔 Burrows later recalled, "Frank Loesser's fourteen songs were all great, and the (book ) had to be written so that the story would lead into each of them. Later on, the critics spoke of the show as 'integrated'. The word ''integration'' usually means that the composer has written songs that follow the story line gracefully. Well, we accomplished that but we did it in reverse".〔Burrows, Abe (1980). ''Honest Abe''. Boston: Atlantic-Little, Brown, p. 149, cited in Stempel, 434-435〕 The character of Miss Adelaide was created specifically to fit Vivian Blaine into the musical, after Loesser decided she was ill-suited to play the conservative Sarah.〔Scott Simon (host). "Creation of the musical ''Guys and Dolls'', ''Weekend Edition Saturday'', National Public Radio, November 2=pk2000〕 When Loesser suggested reprising some songs in the second act, Kaufman warned: "If you reprise the songs, we’ll reprise the jokes." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Guys and Dolls」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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